Storm over the Andes Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Storm over the Andes - Essay ExampleThis happens through use of violence and threats. Lawlessness is the result of this political radicalism as they worry to call it but it has left the country being run by criminals and unscrupulous characters and who now control the power.On the economic front, after the economic sectionalization in the seventies and 1980s, the Latin America economy underwent several reforms and which have seen the economic growth and success of some of these nations. What is evident is the trade liberalization which has been brought close by the neoliberalism. All this however has been at the expense of the poor who are in no way benefiting from this trade liberalization. The immense success of the economy from the nineties is being overshadowed by the continuing political storm in the area with the trade proceeds being used to conduct more coups and being misuse to gain power and control over the region. With time all these economic success will be deemed fu tile if the current state of political personal business continues.The political and economic trend according to Lora, (2006) has almost been similar since 1970s where economic success or downturn affects the political stand and vice versa and therefrom these Latin American nations have almost been moving around in circles with no exit being seen in the near future. Fiscal problems in the 1970s brought about the need to change both the political and economic procedures. This led to the coining of the neo liberalism as well as democracy which lasted for a while end-to-end the 80s and 90s but then again changed.With the success of the economy in terms of trade tariffs, having economic front with other nations leading to elimination of bureaucracies and strengthening of the in the public eye(predicate) administration came the power greed by the fascists and radicalists in the form of criminals and military. Military coups became the order of the day in the 2000s and political assas sinations and attempted

Critically analyse the midwives role in relation to the administration Essay - 1

Critically analyse the midwives role in relation to the administration of epidural anaesthesia - Essay Example(2004), the concentration of the anaesthetic(a) that is used to prevent or block the propagation of the stimuli from the uterus and birth canal vary from one case to the other.Higher doses are used when the mobility of the stimuli is to be fully blocked. Despite the advantages of this technique that has been commonly used during labour, it is also associated with some problems. Some of the known problems include shivering, fever, cardiovascular depression as well as store of urine in the patients bladder. The anaesthetic can be administered through a bolus, continuous infusion or through PCP.PCP refers to the use of a patent controlled pump. gibe to Benfield (2002), the last ten years, about 24 % of women have used epidural analgesia during labour in the United Kingdom. In addition to this, about 60 % of those women who underwent helpful delivery also used this technique. Midwives do play an important role during the administration of epidural analgesia. Most of the roles are focused on monitoring the women to hold back their overall well being. The NICE guidelines lay out the duties and responsibilities of the midwives during the administration of epidural analgesia. The midwives work in collaboration with obstetricians and anaesthetist in the maternity clinics. All these trinity professionals have their specific duties that are concisely and clearly laid down in the NNC guidelines (Nursing & Midwifery Council 2014). The midwife, just like the other professionals always follows these guidelines when caring for the gravid women in labour who are being given epidural analgesia as a way of relieving the pain that result from the contraction of the birth canal and the uterus.The midwife, running(a) with the obstetrician and anaesthetist may consider epidural analgesia for the expectant women for several reasons. Some of the reasons why this can be done include maternal request, protract and painful labour, multiple pregnancy and anticipated instrumental

Food Predicament Essay Example for Free

Food Predicament Essay1. List three factors largely responsible for the significant append in North American food production since the end of World War II.a. Population Growthb. Rising personal income2. Describe the trends in being food production vis-a-vis population growth from 1950 to the present. There is more people to supply food than before.3. To what extent does expanding the amount of land under finishing offer hope for significantly increasing world food supply? Why? To permit unproductive lands to be farmed, making it executable to raise devil to three crops a year on the same land. 4. List four reasons for the loss of currently productive agricultural land.a. erosionb. desertificationc. salinizationd. water-logging5. What factors make it unlikely that oceanic fish harvests can be increased substanti whollyy above present levels? Large predator fish, overexploitation by industrial fishing fleets has reduced stocks of some(a) species.6. List several mixed bags in food-handling practices that unretentive countries could implement to prevent loss of harvested crops. Store grains in bins that may not be easily penetrated, have proficient refrigeration and have reliable transport for the food.7. To what extent can eating lower on the food chain help to solve problems of world thirstiness? It will help until the population grows more and going vegetarian would not be possible.8. Why ar a number of relatively affluent countries purchasing ploughland in otherwise nations? What ar the advantages and disadvantages of such purchases for the host country?Because of the productive soil their food will grow more than better in from each cardinal different region. Some advantages might be that they will have that food available for the consumers and some disadvantages might be that there is a climate change and loose the crop.B. Match the following deficiency diseases with the nutritional factor (shown below the table) whose absence provoked the se conditions (you can use the factor or corresponding letter (a, b, .)1. childhood blindness2. marasmus3. anemia4. kwashiorkor5. mental retardation6. pellagra7. scurvy8. rickets9. beri-beria. proteinb. fiberc. vitamin Ad. vitamin Bl (thiamine)e. vitamin Cf. vitamin Dg. vitamin Eh. niacini. iodinj. ironk. overall calorie/protein shortageC. True/False. Indicate T or F in the space before each numbered question. If the statement is false, edict it below in the box provided to make a correct statement focus your response on the words in bold.1. As incomes rise, food lease increases because more affluent people eat larger quantities of food.2. It is estimated that approximately a billion people in the world today are undernourished.3.Within families in poor societies, adolescent boys are the some likely to suffer from malnutrition.4. Overpopulation is the major cause of chronic hunger problems in the developing world.5. In societies where hunger is widespread, the rate of malnutriti on among children and women is much higher than it is among men.6. Malnutrition is most harmful when it occurs among children under 5.7. The damaging effects of childhood malnutrition are reversible if the child receives an adequate diet when he/she becomes older.8. Malnourished women are likely to give birth to underweight babies and to produce poor quality breast milk.9. Marasmus is responsible for more childhood deaths in developing countries than any other single cause.10. The most common nutritional deficiency disease worldwide is kwashiorkor.11. A swollen belly, discoloration of the hair and skin, and stunted physical development are all classic symptoms of overall protein/calorie deprivation.12. The worlds single most important cause of preventable brain damage and mental retardation is Vitamin A deficiency.13. Aquaculrure offers great hope for increasing the worlds fish harvest than does intensifying efforts in ocean fishing.14. World lineage production, which rose steadil y from 1950-1990, has subsequently leveled off because of falling grocery store demand for meat.15. Anemia is a leading cause of high female mortality rates and problem pregnancies in many poor countries.16. Aquaculture supplies almost all of the tuna fish found in American supermarkets.17. Biotechnology can help reduce farmers reliance on chemicalfertilizers and pesticides and may make it possible to cultivate lands currently too dry or too saline for farming.18. Among species commonly raised to supply animal protein for human consumption, fish are the most efficient energy converters, requiring just 2-3 pounds of feed to gain one pound of flesh.19. In sub-Saharan Africa, grain production has remained stagnant at about one ton/ hectare since the early 1960s.20. Significant increases in agricultural production achieved by technological breakthroughs such as the miracle grains or genetically modified crop and livestock varieties will ensure that all the worlds people enjoy an adequa te diet.

The Pen Is Mightier than the Sword and Peace Time Essay Example for Free

The publish Is Mightier than the Sword and Peace Time Essay1. Peace hath her victories no less(prenominal) renounced thanBy the word victory we gener anyy understand the winning of a battle. We know the history of victories of great conquerors same(p) Alexander, Changiz Khan and Napoleon. But like heroes like Buddha, Ashoka and Akbor won greater glory by bringing to mankind the blessing of peace. We have seen the two devastating world wars. They crippled the world economy, maimed and killed millions of people. subtlety is the slow achievement of workers in peace time. Science and art, religion and philosophy or all developments are the creations of peace time. These evoke be happened amidst in the calm atmosphere. Poets glorify war, artist depicts them in their cartoons, and historians record them in the history. But patriots and philanthropists restore peace and tranquility. Therefore peace should be reined on earth for our own survival.2. Pen is mightier than swordTaken l iterally, the saying may seen to be contrary to common sense but the words Pen and Sword stand for writer and soldier respectively. So it is clearly seen that a pen is stronger then a sword. That is a write is more powerful and efficient than a warrior. Our history speaks a al-Quran regarding Alecgender, Changis Khan, and Napoleon and so on. But the writer likes Shaxphere, Voltaire, Rosseau, Rabindra Nath are much more immortal and inspirational to all to the all ages to comes. Any weapon or more or less(prenominal) warrior can not maintain peace and mankind. On the other hand an influential writer can restore or sustain integration and union among all as Gandhi Ji or Ashoka could. So we have seen that powerful weapons are not constructive means as the Ramayana, The Mahabharata, the Bible or the Korana can do. The massages of these books inspired the epoch making revolution. All these prove that a great writer is more powerful than a great soldier.3. Brevity is the soul of head .Brevity means shortness of expressions of non-material ideas. The wit appears is short and crisp sentences. Wit is the living soul of any style of writing. A body has no measure with out its soul. It indicates the superior thought of speakers. Generally a lengthy writing does not indicate the soul of writing. It only wastes papers and time. It looses the aesthetic side of writing. The original essence of writing lies in the wit. Books are available in the bookstall or library. But all are not for permanent existence. Only some of them survive value of knowledge and wisdom. But any connoisseur only fails to understand it. But sincere readers will seek and grasp the inner gist of it. Thus, soul of wit in brevity with heightens the morality and introspective sides of readers.4. The child is father of the manThis line contains a deeper meaning underlying this apparent contradiction. It suggests that all the aptitudes of a c child develop as he grows-up. As morning shows the day so a lso childhood shows the man. If the day dawns with the clear discard and bright rays of the sum we can assess that the day on the whole will be fair and sunny. On the contrary if the day breaks with stormy speck and rain we think that the day will not be fair. This is also applicable to the growing child. All the potentialities of the future men lie dormant in the child. With the growth of the child, all the finer sentiments in him and the latent virtues began to manifest like a blooming rose.For example, if a child gives his own bread to a starved beggar, he is likely to become a humanitarian, social worker in later years. The child who is in the habit of telling lies stealing others goods without any prevention from doing it, likely to grow into a confirmed thief and a liar. Children showing special knack for mathematics of music painting or art will naturally grow into a great mathematician or a renowned musician or a skilled painter of an tall artist. Tagore began to compose verses at the age of seven only. Wordsworth loved nature since his childhood. All these proof that child is father of the man.

Space and TIme Essay Example for Free

Space and TIme EssayMany people wish that they could go defend in clock and change something that they have done even if it was a small mistake, or a large one that changed their life forever. Science is nerve-wracking to prove that time travel does exist using the Space-time continuum. With controversy on both sides, scientists have proven that the space-time continuum does exist however time travel is still up for debate. How Space-time was createdFor a long time we saw space and time as two separate entities. Many really sound theories existed before the space time theory came about. Some of those theories were Isaac Newtons theories of mechanics and James Clerk Maxwells theories on electromagnetism. though these theories never quite agreed with each other. For some time before this light was known to be an electromagnetic phenomenon, but never followed the laws of mechanics as matter does.This prompted Albert A. Michelson and many others to study light itself. Their stud ies showed that light always traveled with the same velocity, regardless of the hurrying of its source (Overduin, 2007 para 1) It was latter discove red that the speed of light was an unsrupass fitted speed limit on the universe meaning nothing can travel faster than the speed of light which is 299,792,458 meters per second. Though none of these phycistest were able to impute the whole story together.At the young age of 16, Albert Einstein often wondered what it would be like to travel along a ray of light. By 1905 Einstein proved that light must move at a constant speed no matter the speed of the source transmiting it. For this to be lay space and time can no longer be independent. Although Einstein did all this ground work on proving space-time he did not put them together.

The Perception Of Nepal By Tourists Tourism Essay

The Perception Of Nepal By tourers touristry EssayBounded by the lofty heights of the Himalayas, Nepal is a field of eternal dish and get divulgeion. It is a land of interesting goals, ancient history and indigenous people, picturesque scenery and some of the greatest walking on earth. It is universally known for the highest stilt peak of the world, Mount Everest that stands tall at 8848 meters. Nepal touristry notifies about places to visit in Nepal, Lumbini famous for the place of birth of Gautam Buddha who laid the gear upation of Buddhism in the country. Having rich traditions of art, historic sites, customs, finish and heritage, Kathmandu, the capital city of Nepal is a treasure house of ancient art and culture.Different article, Books, international publication and organization has menti wizardd that, Nepal is one of the most visited survive close in South Asia. A report published by Lonely Planet names top ten terms for 2010, Nepal is one the lift out destinati on including El Salvador, Germany, Greece, Malaysia, Morocco, New Zealand, Portugal, Suriname and USA1. Similarly, Magazine Current Issue December 2009/ January 2010 published by BBC, National Geography, had searched 200 top-rated displace destinations of the world and selected the best 25 destinations for 2010. Nepal is one of the best destinations out of 252.Reactions of residents concerning tourismFigure 3 shows a matrix representing the attitudes and behaviour of local residents of the region to tourism. The matrix is based on the framework developed by Bjorklund and Philbrick (1972) and applied to tourism ( holiday sackr-host relationship) by Butler (1980)3. The two dimensions of analysis ar the attitudes of local residents towards tourism (positive ban) and their behavioural responses (active passive). Attitudes and reactions of individuals change in time, gibe to the process of tourism development in an argona.Host Attitudinal/Behavioural Responses to Tourist Activitie s in the Region(% of the Population)ActivePassivePositive57.717.4Negative4.513.6In the Khumbu, Pokhara (including Annapurna), Chitwan and Lumbini regions, the major(ip)ity of residents (57%) actively support and promote tourist activities and tourism development in the region ( master(prenominal)ly by running their own tourist clientelees, but besides by other means, e.g. learning languages in order to be able to communicate with tourists, or trekking with tourist in trekking routes). Besides, only 5% of them oppose actively further tourism development in the region (mainly for environmental reasons).The remaining 6.8% of the population pay off neither positive nor negative attitude toward tourism development.10.1.1. Tourists and MotivationsA tourist is a person who travels for various activities form origin to destination with some period. The movement could be inside the country or outside. Similarly, the people who travel and arrest in places outside their usual environment for not more than consecutive grade for leisure, business and other purposes not think to to the exercise of an activities recompense from within the place visited4http//www.traveletour.com/.Why do tourists visit certain places? By overlooking in academic approach given by Dann (1981)5, listed seven elements lead is a response to what is lacking yet desired.Destination pull, in response to motivation pushMotivation as fantasy- behavior not culturally O.K. at homeMotivation typologies a) behavioural, such as sun worshipping or wanderlust and, b) typologies focusing on dimensions of the tourist affairMotivation as classify purposesMotivation and tourist experiences-includes the authenticity debateMotivation as auto-definition and meaningSimilarly, McIntosh et al., 1995, utilize four categories of motivations, physical, cultural, interpersonal and status and prestige motivators.In the case of Nepal, largely all international visitors atomic number 18 clubbed under the categ ory of tourists. However, these visitors-cum-tourists visit the country for various purposes ranging from pilgrimage to purely official purposes. All of them go on money tour they are in Nepal they are contributing to this Himalayan rescue. in that respectfore, such range of visitors might be put under the category of tourists. Nepal government has classified the categories of tourists jibe to activities, like pleasure, trekking, mountaineering, take a chance and cultural activities, natural or eco-tourism activates business, education, health etc. (Agrawal, 2005, tourism and economic development in Nepal).Nepal is best destination for pleasure jaunt and adventure activities as well as natural and cultural tourism. It is followed by trekking and mountaineering. The two together accounted for roughly 90 Per Cent of the total tourists arrival ahead the nineties. Since, 1990 the average share has been around 80 Per Cent of the total. It is clear from the above info the major purposes of tourists in Nepal are pleasure, trekking, mountaineering and adventure activities before 1990. after(prenominal) that, new types of tourists also found in Nepal like cultural tourists (Pilgrimages), have and question, meetings and seminar, and health, since 1991 have shown growth rate of these types of tourist 8.22 and 9.12 per Cent of respectively. By the year of 2007 and 2008, largest human activity of tourists 41.4% tourists were visited for adventure activities and average distance of stay in the country was recorded 12 days.(Source calculated from several issues of economic survey, Ministry of finance, HMG/N)On the basis on experimental data, the motivations of tourists were contrastive check to the study areas. Tourists in the mountainous region like Khumbu and Annapurna are arouse on adventure activities. Similarly, tourists in Lumbini, Janakpur and Kathmandu valley are interested on cultural pilgrimages. over again, tourists in Chitwan are interested on natural activities. However, majority of tourists agree on, adventure activities.Trekking is the gift of Nepal to the world in adventure tourism. To be one with nature, to regenerate ones own self-esteem, to rediscover oneself, to appreciate Nepals beauty, to interact with its hospitable and friendly people are some of the highlights of trekking in Nepal. Trekking is one long activity that draws repeat visitors to the country. Possessing eight of the ten highest mountains in the world, Nepal is hotspot destination for mountaineers, tilt climbers and people seeking adventure. Therefore, Nepal is the ultimate destinations for the trekking enthusiast. So these are the characteristics of Nepali tourism, to attract us again and again.A German couple, who has visited Nepal more than seven times in Khumbu region.Well, Nepal is excellent destination for natural tourism, having highest mountain, varieties of biodiversity, and unique geographic structures are the major attraction for us.A group of tourist from USA in ChitwanNepal has many unique cities for tourists like Kathmandu and Pokhara. Kathmandu valley is one of the oldest city with abounding of religious and cultural heritages, city of living deity and Goddess and capital city of Nepal with full range of historic and artistic achievement. Therefore, Kathmandu Valley is world famous. The seven touristic areas (listed in world heritages by UNESCO), the Durbar Squares of Hanuman Dhoka (Kathmandu), Patan and Bhaktapur, the Buddhist stupas of Swayambhu and Bauddhanath and the Hindi temples of Pashupatinath and Changu Narayan. The Kathmandu is an exotic and fascinating showcase of a very rich culture, art and tradition. once more I am very much interested to know the Hindu and Buddhist society and culture therefore I travel to Nepal frequently.A tourist nearby Kathmandu Durbar SquareWhen I was in school, I read a book Nepal is only one Hindu kingdom in the world, only one Hindu kingdom (no more now) For me it wa s interesting because I know many Christian and Muslim countries but not only one Hindu kingdom, so I have desire to visit Nepal form school level, and finally I am here now.A French tourist in Pashupatinath, KathmanduNepal is holy land for us, because this is the land, where Lord Buddha was born. We are happy to visit Nepal, especially Lumbini (the birth place of God Buddha).Around 60 tourists (in-group) from Sri Lanka in LumbiniNepal is best destination for us because, God Pashupatinath, many Hindus temples, religions and cultures are attraction for us so, once a year we visit Nepal.A large number of Indian tourists in Kathmandu, and JanakpurThe Mountains, landscape, and silence natural heritages are the god gifted monuments of Nepal, I love it and thats why I am here.A German scientist in ChitwanTherefore, according to verifiable data, Nepal is the best destination for adventure activities like mountaineering, trekking, natural heritages and many more. Similarly, having majority of Hindus people and its related culture, tradition, temple and more phenomenon, and being the birth of God Buddha, Nepal is significance destination for cultural tourism too.10.1.2. Major touristic destinations in NepalRoof of the world, home of the Gurkhas, land of legend and beauty within its narrow con lovelys, Nepal contains as awesome range of culture and physical environments offers the visitor and abundance of contrasts and the experiences. A unique landscape unequalled in beauty and variety, cultural diversity, aesthetically built monuments, crushed beauty and tranquility of snowcapped shimmering mountains, serenity and placidness of the lakes and valleys, an unmatched collection of flora, fauna and wild life, diverse races, ethnic groups, dialects and languages all combine to make Nepal a visitors pipe dream come true.Formally, It is also known as the Himalayas kingdom, possessing 8 of 10 heights mountain of the world, unique combination of Buddhism and Hinduism and it s phenomenon are always attraction for tourists. Some of the major tourist destinations in Nepal are mountain regions include the beautiful cities of Kathmandu, Bhaktapur, Patan, Pokhara and other sites. The places in Nepal are known for their various historic sites and sightseeing. Tourists must visit the magnificent Chitwan National park, Nagarjuna Forest Reserve, Pashupatinath, Dakhshina Kali and many more.Ashok Vyas (2004) Nepal Darshan, indicated, the main touristic areas of Nepal are mountain regions, particular khumbu and Annapuran followed by, Pokhara, Lumbini, Kathmandu Valley, Chitwan and Janakpur. Again, small amount of tourist were interested to visit different parts of the Country.On the basis on empirical data, the researcher came to know that, tourists indicated different destinations according to their interest. Western tourists were interested to visit mountain regions but Asians were interested to visit cultural sites. In general, Majority (80 out of 100 responde nts), were interested to visit mountain areas like Khumbu and Annapurna and they were involved in adventure activities like mountaineering, trekking and rock climbing etc. In addition, 61 out of 100 tourists were interested to visit religious and cultural heritages like Lumbini, Kathmandu Valley and Janakpur. Similarly, 48 out of 100 respondents were interested to visit natural heritages Chitwan and the Mt. Everest. However, both of them were interested (88 out of 100) to visit lovely city Pokhara. Figure 5.12Fig. 5.12, major touristic areas of Nepal visited by touristsSource expanse StudyMountain Area= Khumbu and Annapurna Region,Pokhara= Holiday, recreation and adventureCultural Sites= Kathmandu valley+ Lumbini+ JanakpurNatural Heritages= Chitwan and the Mt. EverestWith the help of above empirical data, the researcher agreed on Nepal has been a best destination for adventure tourists. Similarly, pilgrimage (Cultural phenomenon) has been introducing a new kind of tourism destinati on in Nepal. Lumbini, the birthplace of Buddha, could be an important destination for Buddhist people. Besides there is a famous shrine of Lord Pashupatinath at the Kathmandu and many other Hindus monuments all over the country could be the attraction point for huge Indians.10.1.3. Nepal, an economical (cheaper) destinationNepal is the poorest and least developed countries in the world. More than 45 Per Cent of people are under the poorness line. Agriculture is the pillar of the economy, providing a livelihood for majority of the population and accounting for 38% of GDP. The unemployment rate of country is more than 45 Per Cent in the year of 2008. The per capita income of the county by the year 2008 was $473. Asian Development Bank, 2008. The current situation of conflicting exchange rate against euro is more than 100 Rupees.Moscow, the capital city of Russia, is the most dear(predicate) city for travelers, followed by Tokyo, Japan. There is not any city or place from South Asia ns countries, which is expensive for tourist (Source www.travelersdigest.com, 2009-7-20). Nepal could be one of the cheap destinations for tourists, Upadhyay, Rudra (2006).On my personal experiences, Nepal is cheaper destination, because now I am in Namche Bazaar, 3,440 m, local residents said that this is an expensive place for tourist. However, I do not feel so I am paying $ 20 for a hotel per day, 5 to 20 Dollars for food, which is normal for me. If I were in Switzerland, I have to pay huge amount of money.Tourist in Namche Bazaar, Khumbu RegionWithin fewer moments, I will be in the sky by Paraglide, I paid around 100 euro. But, in Switzerland I have to pay five to seven times more for same thing.A German tourist, in Sharankot, PokharaWhen I was applying visa for Bhutan, I prove that I can spend more than 200 US Dollars a day this is rule of Bhutan government. But, look in Nepal no condition like this. Again I am spending less than 50 Dollars a day, which is enough for me.A tou rist in PokharaSimilarly, the researcher collected data from tourist on Nepal visit and tourists budget. Majority of respondents (54 Per Cent) were reported, Nepal is cheaper destination followed by, 30 Per Cent middle and rest 16 Per Cent reported expensive. Figure 5.14Figure 5.14, Nepal visit and tourists budget.Source report studyTherefore, on the basis on empirical data, the researcher found that, Nepal is the cheaper destination for tourists.During the field study, the researcher asked to the tourists, what amount of money are you planning to spend in Nepal. Majority of respondents ( 38 Per Cent) were reported up to 2000 US dollars, followed by 35 Per Cent 2000 to 3000and rest 27 Per Cent more than 3000 US dollar, dishearten 5.13.Table 5.14, Amount of money tourist wants to spend in NepalSource Field studyAverage length of stay of tourist is if on higher(prenominal) side they will spend more money. Thus, more money brought by international tourist would be pumped in the local economy. The average length of stay by a tourist during 1975-90 had been 11.87 days that declined marginally to 11.23 days in the following period of 1991 -2000 and around 12 days in 2008 and 20096. However, during the data collection the researcher found variety of data.Fig. 5.13, Average length of staySource Field studyIn average, tourists were interested to stay in Nepal around 20 days. Based on the answers given by local people and tourist, it was found that majority of respondents 84 % (210 out of 250) reported that average length of stay of tourist in tourist areas was 20 days (Fig. 5.13).XICHAPTERSUMMARY OF FINDINGS AND RECOMMEDATIONTitle Page No. general review of the research 214Summary of the findings 215Recommendations 21811.1. Overall review of the researchChapter 6 provides an overall review of the research aim, objectives, research questions, issues, findings, conclusions and recommendations of this study. Chapter 6 begins by summarizing the background to the research , and the research purpose, methodology and findings. The researcher goes on to make explicit the contribution of this study to the discipline of Socio-cultural and economic contact of tourism in the process of globalisation in Nepal. Suggestions are made for future research based on the theme of this study. The chapter concludes with key recommendations for Socio-cultural and economic electric shock of tourism in the process of globalization in NepalThe present researcher has attempted to fine out, Socio-cultural and economic impact of tourism in the process of globalization in Nepal. It is divided in five major topics with subareas. The first topic is introduction. This chapter has included the introduction, conjectural concerns, hypothesis, aims and objectives, statements (importance), research methodology, and data bloodlines and data analysis model of present research. The key aspect of this chapter is research issues.This research has three major issues change in socio-ec onomic frame-up of Nepal due to globalization and tourism cultural globalization due to inflict of tourism but also due to globalization in general, and perception of Nepal by tourists. Under the first issue socio-economic inequality, impact of tourism on Nepalese economy, development and change in touristic areas were the major points for analysis. Similarly in second impact of global tourism on food, drinks, clothing, languages, family structure and everyday life tourism and socio-cultural change in Nepal types of globalization and homogenization adapting by Nepalese by tourist or tourism were major points. The last or final issue of this research was important and interesting fact of Nepalese tourism for tourist was main phenomenon.Research methodology is another important subarea of this research. The nature of this research is qualitative cum quantitative (mixed approach). The study areas of this research were major six touristic places of Nepal Mt. Everest National Park (Sagar matha), Pokhara with Annapurna area, Lumbini (The birthplace of Lord Buddha), Chitwan National Park, Janakpur and Kathmandu Valley including Lalitpur and Bhaktapur. The total numbers of interlocutors of this research were 250 including local people (40 Per Cent), Tourist (40 Per Cent) and jobholder in tourism (20 Per Cent). Questionnaires, interviews, observation, case study and discussion were used for data collection on August to December 2008 and October 2009 to January 2010. The data analysis has been performed by using computer software like Excel, SPSS one way ANOVA and T-Test according to their necessity.Chapter Two is the collection of theoretical literature review. This chapter has explained the all-important terms and variables of this research. Similarly, chapter Three is the detail explanation of culture, people, land and society of country of the great Himalayas (Nepal).Chapter Four covers complete data analysis of this research. This covers general demographic (Age, Ge nder and Education) instruction of the respondents tourism, globalization and its impact on Nepali economy, society and culture with different subareas and perception of Nepal by tourist.Similarly, Chapter 5 includes the summary of findings and suggestions and end part includes references.In conclusion, tourism is not a new phenomenon in Nepal. The county has welcomed tourists officially since 1953. Tourism has been a significant pillar in the countrys economy and the government using for socio-economic development of rural areas in Nepal. It was the aim of this study to address the important issues related to tourism and impacts in Nepal. The focal point, how residents evaluate the economic, well-disposed and cultural impacts of tourism on their community was examined. The final section dealt with the perception of Nepal by tourists.11.2. Summary of the findingsTourism is an important process of socio-economic and cultural globalization. It has both positive and negative impacts on society, economy and culture of destination. The truth is that tourism has beget one of the largest and most cursorily growing industries in the world by combining social and economic activities. The industry fosters development and affects the people and the place. Impacts of tourism could be positive or negative according to the degree of planning and the level of involvement of local residents in the development process. The outcome is dependent on the relationship between the local residents and the site.On the basis on data, it has both positive and negative impacts according to places regards to the impact of global tourism. The people are in Khumbu, Annapurana, Chitwan, Jankapur and Lumbini count that tourism does not vary religion or traditionalistic customs they are of the opinion that it has no influences on their daily life or their patterns of consumption. However, the people from Kathmandu and Pokhara Valley are strongly addressed there is huge impact of tourism and tourists activities on local culture, society, traditions, food, languages and everyday life. However, in general all respondents fell that it could influences in food, language, enclothe and younger generations more. Finally, residents believe that tourism could be a solution for unemployment, poverty, income, and socio-cultural changes.It was found that tourism plays the important role in the Nepalese economy. Tourism has playing quantifiable and positive effects on the development of GDP of the country. It has been increase the economy of the country in general and as a whole. The increase in the al-Quran of tourist flow has direct as well as indirect impact on the development process of Nepal. Nevertheless, tourism was found to be more capital investor and employer in NepalIn general, tourism has both positive and negative impacts, but majority of residents have a positive attitude toward tourism and they believe that it can develop their communities, like main source of i ncome, job, poverty alleviation, source of international reserves and revenue, and national and local business. People involved in this profession have found better life compare to others. They have better opportunity of employment, income, education, quality of life and many more. However, the largest economic impacts of tourism are experienced by the residents near the Khumbu, Annapurna, Pokhara, Lumbini, Chitwan, Janakpur and some part of Kathmandu Valley, duration people living in remote areas and in off-site of tourist areas or routes could not reap the benefits of tourism as they have very limited things to offer. Thus, this is clear, tourism increasing socio-economic inequality among the Nepalese.A side effect of residents expecting profits is that locals evaluate tourists according to their expenditures, potentially leading to negative attitudes and conflicts between residents and tourists and between the various social groups living within the local community. In additio n, while tourism has the potential to tuck economic benefits for the government and the people.Normally tourism still has little impact on local society and culture. Participants report that tourism has less contradicted religion and traditions, while some of them expressed the fear of potential impact on younger generations. Such sentiments were centered near Khumbu and Annapurna, where the impact on society and culture are more present than in the other sites. Among the negative impacts reported in study, areas are the consumption of alcohol, the imitation of tourist behaviour and sexual relations with tourists, increasing foreign food, dress, drug, language, gambling and unwanted lifestyle change. The positive impacts of tourism were especially highlighted by those working in tourism. Some reported that tourism is single source of their economic life, while others claim to have learned positive skills from tourists that improve their interaction with family members and in socie ty. Similarly, for the Government tourism is an important pillar of national economy and best way to reduce poverty in rural areas of Nepal. Finally, tourism is an important transmitter of globalization in Nepal. It seems a process of acculturation or westernization or Americanization and leads globalised homogenous society and culture. Majority of respondents agreed on tourism and globalization develops globalized homogeneous culture but the same time Nepalese cultures are reconstructed on local levels.Tourists were found highly satisfied with weather, natural scenery, wild animals, peoples behavior, hospitality, friendliness, helpfulness humbleness, honest, welcoming attitude of the people, sense of remoteness and authenticity, religious customs, fulfilment of scene of adventure, historical sites, culture, entertainment, language communication, agency services and guide services. However, they were found to be less satisfied with immigration, transportation, airlines services, lod ging, sightseeing tour, shopping facilities, tourist information service, well-ordered strike (Nepal banda), tax, and food and drinks in Nepal. Again, they had realized the potential for further tourism development in Nepal.Having top mountains of the World, colorful cultures, ancient history and people, picturesque scenery, birthplace of Gautam Buddha, rich traditions of art, culture and heritage and one of the best destination for adventure activities the country of great Himalayas (Nepal) is one of the best destination for tourism. The perceptions of tourist are found positive. Out of different attraction phenomenon, adventure activities and places are the main attraction for tourists followed by religion and culture. Majority of tourist are agreed on Nepal is the cheapest destination.RecommendationsThere is no doubt tourism is a means of globalization and have impact on society, culture and economy of the country. Tourism is the main way of globalization in different phenomenon like economy, culture and society of Nepal. Nepalese society, culture and economy have been suffering from various impact of tourism. Basis on the empirical data, the researcher have found following suggestions on this research.Tourism is an important process of socio-economic and cultural globalization. It has both positive and negative impacts on society, economy and culture of destination. Therefore, it is recommended that Nepalese should be aware from such impact.Tourism is seen as the means of development in rural areas of Nepal. Therefore, government and local people should use tourism as the development tools for rural Nepal.It is found that tourism has both positive and negative impacts on society and culture according to places. Some tourist areas have less impact and some have more. Therefore, Nepalese and government should implement proper programme to reduce negative impacts.The impact of tourism on the social system and culture of locals are diversity according to tour ist hubs. Participants from Kathmandu, Pokhara and Chitwan reported that tourism contradict religion, tradition, social norms, local culture, society, food, language, clothes and may more related to social and culture phenomenon, while others from rest tourist hubs reported tourism does not contradict religion and tradition. But, from both places people, express the fear of the greater impact on the younger generation. Therefore, to protect from such evidence, it is necessary to give proper education or information to the Nepalese and special education or information to the younger generation.Majority of respondents have positive attitude of tourism and believe that it can develop their communities. Tourism is pillar, employer, poverty eliminator, source of foreign currencies, revenue, local business and capital investor of Nepalese economy but government is not giving proper importance in it. It is recommended that government should give priority for tourism development.Regarding t o the role of tourism in globalization of economy Nepal has been found that the direct impact of tourism on earning foreign exchange has been improving. However, if it is analyzed with respect to merchandize trade, overall foreign exchange earnings in the economy the role of tourism has been increasing. The ratio of foreign exchange earnings from tourism and GDP has been increasing very slowly. Nepalese and government of Nepal should think on it. The foreign participation in the tourism industry remains confined to mainly hotel, resorts and restaurants. Therefore, government and people should encourage foreign investors to invest in new areas of activities related to tourism in Nepal.The residents near the tourist hubs of Nepal experience the largest economic impacts of tourism, where a large number of residents have become dependent on tourism, while in the other sites tourism still has no significant economic meaning. Therefore, in this situation economic benefit of tourism should be managed to the equal mannerIt is found that people in tourism have better living standard because they have better income. Only few Nepalese are involved in tourism therefore they are getting better quality of life and education but majority of Nepalese are in off-site, which is socio-economic inequality due to tourism. To promote the living standard of those people, who are off-site, government and Nepalese should focus balanced tourism development digest and distribute appropriate income of tourism.Regarding employment in tourism, it was also found that tourism is not yet considered a plausible and appropriate employment opportunity by local jobseekers. Among the reasons are lacks of education and training centers, low wages paid to employees in tourism service, lack of insurance and job security, to a certain degree, the traditional and social values of the communities. Concerning education and training, the study identified that the authorities do not consider tourism to be a helpful means in dealing with the issues of human resources. This reflects the low priority given to education and training in tourism as an independent field of study, even when there is a project with a scheduled budget for training. Therefore, it is necessary to create positive attitudes towards tourism related job for this educational institution should be established.Total foreign exchange earnings of Nepal have been growing after introduction of tourism. Foreign investment has been increasing in tourism because it will be potential sources of homecoming for them. However, this analysis shows that foreign investors were keen to invest in hotels, resorts and restaurants. Other activities could not attract foreign investors. Here lies the need to promote other activities rela

The Competitive Advantages Of Effective Knowledge Management Commerce Essay

The Competitive Advantages Of Effective Knowledge Management Commerce EssayToday, the forthcoming and the value of a alliance depends on fork over the in the raw product and service quickly and timely in order to meet the needs that ever change in the market. Thus, I believe that knowledge is the to a greater extent importance factor than land or capitals to create a competitive advantage for enterprises. And now, this endeavor will dispute to a greater extent about the value of managing knowledge and some competitive advantages that goat be created through knowledge vigilance in the company. hence, I would like to discuss about the In addition, this essay is in addition talk about the leadership and managerial skills in the system by implementing prosperedly KM. treatment ABOUT THE KNOWLEDGE counseling information, Information, KnowledgeNowadays, we be living in an age of information that we female genitalia find easy through television, internet, magazines etc. pro vided not all(a) information is reliable. Transforming information into knowledge within the organization is an advantage. However, not all managers control able to do it. Thus, the first thing I want to discuss about the difference between data, information and knowledge in order to transform stabbing data into meaningful information. Data is the raw material. It flush toilet be a set of discrete facts and exist in any form such as number, symbols, imaging etc. Data represents unorganised and unprocessed facts. Data is transformed into information by adding value through context, sorting, calculating, analysis and evaluation. Information rotter be considered as a processed data. Data and information be everywhere but knowledge is hard to get.You need information in order to get knowledge. However, knowledge is not information. Information is solely becomes knowledge when you use up able to realize and understand specific purpose of it. Knowledge is usually come from learning , conceive ofing or taking experiences in a particular area.Knowledge has two types Explicit knowledge and tacit knowledge. Explicit knowledge is the visible knowledge. You can find them easily through book, documents, reports, films, magazines, etc. The stated knowledge is easily transferable. In contrast, tacit knowledge is the knowledge that put in your mind. Simply, tacit knowledge is the personal experience, skills and hard to transferable. For example Each pastry dough cook can made Tiramisu cake with different flavors, although all of them use with the same Tiramisu Cake recipe. Some cake are delicious, some cake are bad. Because skilled pastry cook has not shown own experiences in recipe. May be, they can add some special ingredients to make their cakes with good flavorful. This is the tacit knowledge. They did not cover their experiences as well as knowledge for everyone. I think this is the importance aspect in the organization. The managers must look for ways to empl oyees can fortune tacit knowledge together in a particular sector. Thats also the objective of knowledge management.Knowledge managementKnowledge Management (KM) can be defined as the logical process that helps people to use knowledge effectively and efficiently. Knowledge management is the process the company uses to measure the value of the reason value of to each one employee in the company. Moreover, it is the process utilise to evaluate and track key metrics associated with the organization of intellectual property can be used to create better services, products and value to shareholders of the corporation. There are many different knowledge management life hertzs. They are made by Wiig (Wiig Knoeldge management calendar method 1993), Zack (Zack Knowledge Management Cycle 1996), Nickols (Nickols Knowledge Management Cycle 1999), McElroy (McElroy Knowledge Management Cycle 1999), Rollet (Rollet Knowledge Management Cycle 2003), Bukowitz Williams (BW Knowledge management cy cle 20003). Actually, they arouse some common steps and meaning. However, each cycle has its own characteristic. Look at the table below for comparison.Nickols (1999)Wigg (1993)McElroy (1999)Rollet (2003)Bukowitz Williams (2003)Zack(1996)AcquisitionCreationIndividual and sort learningPlanningGetAcquisitionOrganizationSourcingKnowledge claim validationCreationUseRefinementSpecializationComplicationInformation acquisitionIntegratingLearnDistributionStore/ accessTransformationKnowledge validationOrganizingContributePresentationRetrieveDisseminationKnowledge IntegrationTransferring respectDistributionApplicationMaintainingBuild/ sustainConservationValue realizationAssessingDivestSource Adapted from Kimiz Dalkir, Knowledge Management in Theory and usage (Oxford Elsevier Butterworth, 2005), pp. 27.Competitive advantagesAlthough there are many different perspectives on knowledge management, however the general objective of knowledge management is look for ways to employees share and le arn knowledge as well as experiences together. Thats not only help employees improve the expertise knowledge, but also the knowledge management can create the competitive advantages and enhance value for enterprises.As you know, human resource is the valuable asset in organization. If the organization can use this resource effectively, organization will become very inviolable. Knowledge management can give all the employees in organization many opportunities to show ideas and innovation. Therefore, organization can have more opportunities and advantages than competitors. The employees can share expertise knowledge, experiences or passion together. Thats also make all of the employees in organization more closer and understandeach otherbetterIn addition, transforming from tacit knowledge into explicit knowledge is not only help improve expertise knowledge of employees, but also help the organization have enough capable of responding promptly to the change in personnel. And now, I wo uld like to give you a reality example as well as an incident by not applying knowledge management in organization. It occurred in my familys restaurant in three years ago. When my manager intends to open a restaurant of his own, he has left the restaurant. The important thing, he has taken away all the experience, the trade secret and a lot of good employees and the relationships. Then he became a competitor with my restaurant. During that period, my restaurant encountered a lot of trouble and business performance decreased seriously. Another example, at Tam Viet Group in 2007, a vice president has left the company and he established an own company to direct competitive with the Tam Viet. By applying knowledge management, all these knowledge such as customer relationships, unfinished projects, etc. were acquired and stored by all other employees. Therefore, Tam Vietnamese were not affected.Additionally, Knowledge management can also give to the enterprise with advanced adaptabili ty in the rapidly changing marketplace. The competitors are always updates their products and services better to meet the demand of customer. Therefore, most of the successful enterprises are always catch information and transfer them rapidly. By applying the knowledge management, the enterprises can easily compete with other competitors. The organization can launch new products with the higher quality than competitors at the same cost. The employees can save time through making decision or solving the problems quickly and exactly.KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT ON SUPPORTING MANAGERIAL PRACTICESSimilar to those competitive advantages that I mentioned above, knowledge management can help manager so much in practices. Firstly, the employees have a freely environment to performance themselves. The employees can share and learn knowledge, experiences, idea together. Therefore, the manager can collects and exploits tacit knowledge or innovation in order to enhance competitor advantage for the orga nization. Additionally, KM can help manager make decision timely and exactly by capturing,analyzingandconversingof information logically.In addition, the manager will have enough response to device with changing of the marketplace as well as the human resources.Leadership and managerial skillsA manager needs to have a good leadership to change products, systems and people efficiency. A good leader must have capacity to cannonball along the process to decide a matter and to make process treat effectively and quickly. It is a difficult problem. A good manager should have more diverse skills in order to have enough capable of handling all of problems in the organization.The first skill is the information technology (IT) skill. I think this is the key For example in my first internship at ACB bank, I can get information of customer trading history via CIC.org.vn website. You will save more time for get information of customer. Thats progress of technology. Thats also the reason the ma nager should have a good IT skill to support the management easier and faster. In the high technology age, a good manager should know to take advantage of technology to support for the management and sharing knowledge in the organization. If so, companies will have more competitive advantages than competitors.In addition, a manager should also build a trust and respect relationship with employees. listening skill is also important. As a manager, you should build an open structure. I mean that you should gap of discrimination between superiors and subordinates. The subordinate can easily meet and express freely their opinions to you. Listening will help you clearly understand about your staffs in order to make decisions fairer and more accurate.Lets change the last skill that I want to discuss is the communication skill. In my opinion, communication is the most difficult and complicates skill of the manager. According to John Quincy Adams If your actions inspire others to dream more , learn more, do more and become more, you are a leader. Its a great statement. A manager has to know create need for employees in order to they have enthusiasm and try their best to work. The motivation is not only based on the high salary, but also based on the workplace. A manager can adapts communities of practice (COP) program in the company. COP is considered as a group of people hold together by sharing the knowledge, experiences, ideas or something like that. COP program can provide a place for employees in particular areas or require employees work in team to share methods or tacit knowledge and mutual support. Thus, the employees can improve their knowledge learn more about the experiences and more closer. Besides that, manager should also consider one of the challenges of communication, the different cultures. Especially is the multinational company. this is a new step to the understanding by employing individuals from various backgrounds, cultures and lifestyles. Percep tual, Cultural and language barriers are a challenge to be overcome when a company work in the global orientated environment. It affects team spirit, work efficiency, directly affect the business situation of the company. Moreover, it is the cause of lack of teamwork, morale low. The different culture can affect a company and its success in variety of ways.CONCLUTIONIn conclusion, the knowledge management is a new way to develop your company in the future. From the very beginning, the essay discussed some basic concept of the knowledge management for you. As you can see the next part talked about the competitive advantages that the company can take from KM. There are so many, for example using human resource effectively, transferring from tacit knowledge to deficit knowledge, etc. Moreover, the knowledge management will help the managers in many ways. And, of course, the managers have to learn and develop his/her skills to managing knowledge. There are some basic skills that a manag er should have are listening skills, IT skills, etc. In the knowledge economy, knowledge management has more impacts on organizations. Applying knowledge management is considered as a key for success organization. The strong organization always has a good knowledge management.R rng trong nn kinh t hin i hng tri thc, vai tr ca qun l tri th l v cng quan trng. Nu khng thc c iu ny mt cch ng n, nguy c tn tht tri thc rt d xy ra v mang li nhng thit hi kh c th tnh ton ht. Tri thc cng nh ngun nhn lc l yu t sng cn cho s tn ti ca mi t chc. Tt nhin, y l mt khi nim cn mi nhng mi t chc cn phi ch ng nghin cu v vn dng sng to. Qun l tt tri thc tc l hiu r c bn thn, bit c im mnh v im yu ca mnh t ra nhng bin php gt hi thnh cng trong nn kinh t tri thc.